Nursing -Activity homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Nursing -Activity homework - Essay Example 345). Depending on the condition of the patient, monitoring should be either continuous or intermittently. Bubbling and swinging are assessed with the patient’s respiration. In normal respiration, the fluid within the tube rises with inspiration and falls with expiration (Paul and Williams, 2009 p.45). Absence indicates that the tube is blocked, or it is out of the pleural space. Intermittent bubbling in the water seal chamber shows an air leak when the patient coughs or exhales. Continuous bubbling indicates air leak between the patient and the drain. Volume, color and consistency of the drainage are monitored (Smeltzer et al., 2010, p. 234). The drain insertion site is also assessed for signs of infection and inflammation. The sutures are checked if they are intact and secure and that the dressing is clean and intact (Smeltzer et al., 2010 p. 252). The rationale for clamping the chest drain is to reduce the risk of tension pneumothorax. Smeltzer et al., (2010 p. 252) recommend disconnection of the chest drain in the case of sunction or the patient are ambulant. However, during the transport, the chamber should be kept below the patient’s chest level to enable draining (Smeltzer et al., 2010, p. 123). This allows gravity drainage and prevents backflow of fluid. However, Paul and Williams (2009, p. 13) suggest that clamping can also be done when the drainage bottle requires a replacement or to locate any air leak in the drainage system. Therefore, the suggestion that chest drains should only be removed when the patient is to be moved is false. If the water in the chest tube was—swinging but not bubbling or draining it means the air has been removed from the pleural space but that the pneumothorax has not resolved. When bubbling initially stops this should be further assessed by instructing the patient to cough. When monitoring for the patient with chest pneumothorax the bubbling shows the presence of air in

Are trauma centres best practice for the UK Essay

Are trauma centres best practice for the UK - Essay Example A look at the figures spent by NHS on treating injuries related to trauma is convincing enough to make one realise the importance of an effective trauma management, with efforts to also locate the source of these injuries (like speed driving), and effectively put a stop to them. Since road trauma is one of the major causes of death, it is also necessary for the government to take initiatives where road accidents can be reduced. During the late eighties specialists from the Royal College of Surgeons UK, had highlighted the fact that there are major flaws in the management of patients with serious injuries, and ineffective handling of the entire situation often leads to many untimely deaths, that are completely avoidable in nature. My article will examine the current conditions of trauma management and the services offered to patients in trauma within UK, and to ascertain the importance of the trauma services in this country, with main emphases on the transportation of patients using a mbulance services (pre-hospital care). Are trauma centres best practices for the UK? 1 Introduction 1.1 Background history Severe injuries, resulting from accidents like a car crash or after falling from great heights, are one of the most common causes of death amongst the UK youth. The chances of surviving the fatal accident, later followed by a complete recovery are dependent on the trauma care that the patient receives immediately after the mishap, and in the few following weeks, as he recuperates. In England and in other parts of UK, it has been observed that the most common cause of death from trauma is in case of road accidents. At an average count it has been estimated that annually there nearly 20,000 reported cases of severe trauma in England that results in an estimated 5,400 deaths, while many of the survivors suffer from long term disabilities, a majority of which are permanent in nature, thus demanding provisions for long-term care facilities (National Audit Office, 201 0, 4). The term trauma can be summarily defined as â€Å"physical injury caused by events such as road traffic accidents, falls, explosions, shootings, or stabbings. The term ‘major trauma’ is therefore used to describe multiple injuries involving different tissues and organ systems that are, or have the potential to be, life threatening. Trauma patients require specialist care from a multidisciplinary group of professionals† (The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 2007, 1). Death from major trauma (from severe multiple injuries) is a major cause in UK with almost 16000 dying in England and Wales alone each year (ibid). According to NHS Choice the term ‘Major Trauma’ may be defined as comprising of â€Å"multiple, serious injuries that could result in disability or death. These might include serious head injuries, severe gunshot wounds or road traffic accidents† (NHS Clinical Advisory Groups Report, 2010, 5). In scientific terms Major Traum a is exemplified with the use of Injury Severity Score (ISS), which gives certain values to â€Å"injuries in different parts of the body and totals